Business and Regulation

Trading arrangements

Trading arrangements define how business transacti

Transmission company

Transmission companies, or transcos, are independe

Transmission outage

Transmission outages can be caused by a variety of

Transmission owner (TO)

In markets where the system operations function ha

Transmission rights

Transmission rights are used by generators and/or

Transmission System Operator

A transmission system operator (TSO) is a stand-al

Unbundled service

Unbundled service happens when the distribution co

Utility distribution company (UDC)

A utility distribution company (UDC) is an electri

Utility regulation

Utility regulation exists to ensure that customers

Value at Risk (VAR)

Value at Risk, commonly called VAR, is a tool used

Vertically integrated monopoly utility electric market model

Under the vertically integrated monopoly utility m

Wholesale electric pricing

Generally speaking, market-based prices are determ

Wholesale/industrial competition electric market model

Under the wholesale/industrial competition model,

Working capital

Working capital is the amount of money a company n

Zero carbon

Zero carbon describes a process that has no greenh

Zero emission vehicle (ZEV)

A ZEV is a vehicle that emits close to zero pollut

Zero-emissions credit (ZEC)

A ZEC is a tradeable financial instrument that all

Zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) credit

A zero-emissions vehicle (ZEV) credit is a tradeab

Zero-emissions vehicle mandate program

A zero-emissions vehicle mandate program, commonly